Obscene Gestures
Counter-Narratives of Sex and Race in the Twentieth Century
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Drawing on sources as diverse as Supreme Court decisions, nightclub comedy, congressional records, and cultural theory, Obscene Gestures explores the many contradictory vectors of twentieth-century moralist controversies surrounding literary and artistic works from Henry Miller’s Tropic of Cancer to those of Toni Morrison, Alice Walker, Kathy Acker, Robert Mapplethorpe, 2 Live Crew, Tony Kushner, and others. Patrick S. Lawrence dives into notorious obscenity debates to reconsider the divergent afterlives of artworks that were challenged or banned over their taboo sexual content to reveal how these controversies affected their critical reception and commercial success in ways that were often determined at least in part by racial, gender, or sexual stereotypes and pernicious ethnographic reading practices.
Starting with early postwar touchstone cases and continuing through the civil rights, feminist, and LGBTQ+ movements, Lawrence demonstrates on one level that breaking sexual taboos in literary and cultural works often comes with cultural cachet and increased sales. At the same time, these benefits are distributed unequally, leading to the persistence of exclusive hierarchies and inequalities.
Obscene Gestures takes its bearings from recent studies of the role of obscenity in literary history and canon formation during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, extending their insights into the postwar period when broad legal latitude for obscenity was established but when charges of obscenity still carried immense symbolic and political weight. Moreover, the rise of social justice movements around this time provides necessary context for understanding the application of legal precedents, changes in the publishing industry, and the diversification of the canon of American letters. Obscene Gestures, therefore, advances the study of obscenity to include recent developments in the understanding of race, gender, and sexuality while refining our understanding of late-twentieth-century American literature and political culture.
Ambitious, yet concise, Obscene Gestures provides a compelling reading of various cases of so-called obscenity and their changing relationship to definitional political and legal struggles in the twentieth century. Offering a groundbreaking discussion of race and sexuality and how obscenity is treated in relationship to both, Lawrence intervenes in discourse of avant-garde genius and transgression that is too often coded as white.---Christopher Breu, author of Insistence of the Material: Literature in the Age of Biopolitics
Introduction: Outlaws vs. Outcasts: Defining Narratives of Obscenity | 1
1. Classic Counter-Narratives:
Deep Psychology vs. Deep Pathology in Two Early Twentieth-Century Novels | 29
2. Geniuses Abroad, Deviants at Home:
Racial Counter-Narratives of the Global and Domestic | 65
3. Porn Wars and Pornotroping:
Counter-Narratives of Obscenity amid Transitions in Feminist Activism | 102
4. AIDS Politics Is Local:
Narratives of Plague and Place in the Culture Wars | 136
Epilogue | 171
Acknowledgments | 177
Notes | 179
Works Cited | 201
Index | 215
